Searchable and printable ICON2. Date and time: Tuesday 1. Format and topic: Symposium, Developmental. Coordinator: Kim Cornish. Title: Building Cognitive Architecture in Atypically Developing Populations: Assessing The Potential of Targeted Cognitive Training.
Symposium abstract: The efficacy of cognitive training programs has been one of the most widely debated and controversial topics in cognitive neuroscience in recent years. There are numerous commercialised products claiming to improve cognitive and brain function without any high quality scientific evidence, which has contributed to significant skepticism by cognitive neuroscientists. In this symposium, we highlight four recent longitudinal, randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that have been conducted in 'at- risk' child populations. We focus on two fundamental cognitive domains: attention and working memory, known to be 'gateways to learning'.
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Speaker 2 studied children with neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism to determine if a novel interactive attention training program can improve separable components of attention e. In children with traumatic brain injury Speaker 3 examined whether a working memory training program improved separable components of working memory e. It seems unrealistic to expect training to benefit all paediatric populations. Instead, this work builds a pathway to a greater understanding of which children benefit most and when. It has been suggested that inattention and impaired working memory are primary deficits for preterm children, contributing to their learning and behavioural problems. The aim of this trial was to assess the effectiveness of a cognitive training program in extremely preterm (EP)/extremely low birth weight (ELBW) 7- year- olds in improving working memory, attention and academic achievement compared with a placebo program.
Participants were randomised to receive Cogmed or a placebo training program. The Cogmed program involves intensive and adaptive training of working memory (2. The placebo program is identical but the tasks are set to a low complexity level so that working memory is not taxed. Working memory, attention and academic achievement were assessed pre- intervention and post- intervention (within 2 weeks, and 1. Brain MRI scans were performed pre- and post- intervention to assess training induced neuroplasticity.
The intervention and placebo groups were well- matched, and at baseline performed similarly on working memory and attention measures. No group differences were found immediately post training on tests of working memory, attention or academic achievement, and mixed model analyses found no group differences in change over time. No training induced neuroplasticity was observed. Longer term outcomes related to working memory training are ongoing. WM is strongly related to attention and academic skills in childhood. This study aimed to examine whether different components of WM can be improved following adaptive WM training (Cogmed) and whether improvements in WM generalise to other cognitive (attention) and academic skills (reading and mathematics) in children with TBI.
Twenty- seven children with moderate- severe TBI (8- 1. TBI) were randomized to 5- 7 weeks (2. WM training (Cogmed; n = 1. WM training (active placebo; n = 1. Standardised tests of WM, attention, and academic skills were administered at pre- training, post- training, and 3- months follow- up. No gains were found on tests of attention.
Adaptive training resulted in significantly greater gains on select academic skills (reading, but not mathematics): reading accuracy pre- follow- up. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of an attention training program in children with IDD in improving core attention skills, problem behaviours and academic outcomes (literacy and numeracy). Download Fast And Furious 8 (2017) Movies more.
Attention, academic skills and problem behaviours were assessed at pre- training, post- training, and a 3 month follow- up. These improvements were maintained 3 months after training had ceased. The attention training program was not effective in promoting improvements in other aspects of attention, problem behaviours or academic skills at post- training; however at follow- up the training group showed greater improvements in numeracy skills. A select benefit to verbal working memory of training vs usual teaching at 6 months post- randomisation diminished at 1. Given heterogeneity in at- risk populations, it is important to understand if subgroups might benefit more from training than others. This study aimed to examine individual differences in response to working memory training.
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Setting, Participants: All consenting Grade 1 students (6- 7 years, n=1. Melbourne, Australia were screened, with 4. Intervention: Cogmed RM program involving 2.
Control: Usual teaching. Outcomes: Individual change in verbal and visuospatial working memory standard scores from baseline to 6- months, categorised as improved (> 1.
SD normative mean), stable (within 1. SD) or declined (< 1. SD). Predictors, Moderators: Child sex, baseline inattention and health status.
None of the child factors significantly predicted improved working memory, nor was there evidence for interaction between intervention and any child factor for improved working memory.
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As noted by the New York Times on Saturday, in the past few years Iranian pro- government propaganda efforts have increasingly taken the form of rap videos glorifying the country’s military, spread on sites like local You. Tube equivalent Apparat and apps like Telegram. The Times rounded up some of the most high- profile attempts to appeal to the nation’s youth by pairing Iranian rappers with sweeping shots of military personnel and CGI- infused battle scenes, some of which are pretty over- the- top. They’re fascinating to watch, especially at a time when the current presidential administration has gone full hawk on Iran. They’re also more than a little uncomfortable, both because they show an oppressive government’s approach to a digitized era of propaganda and, if we’re being honest, they do kind of resemble pro- military media produced in places like the US. One video highlighted by the paper features Amir Tataloo, a musician with a “hard- partying, gangster- style reputation,” who extolled “our absolute right / to have an armed Persian gulf” while singing alongside naval personnel on the frigate Damavand.
A battalion of Iranian youth carrying flags retaliate by charging towards the water, conjuring up a gigantic tidal wave which sinks the US Navy’s Fifth Fleet. Another released in 2. Seraj Cyberspace Organization, which is affiliated with the Iranian Revolutionary Guards’ Basij volunteer militia, shows Iranian- backed fighters in Syria taking the fight to ISIS insurgents flying the terror group’s infamous black flag. The video features Hamid Zamani, who the Times noted was the mastermind behind the anti- imperialist song “USA.”“By Zaynab, we are the defenders of Damascus!” the singer croons as a sniper takes out an ISIS fighter in slow- motion.
Qassem Suleimani annihilating US troops and naval forces.“The Americans threaten us, we want to say, . One of the more obvious examples is the NFL, where flashy flyovers with high- tech military jets, troops marching with flags and even camouflage jersey sales have been a fixture for years, and the military has pumped tens of millions of dollars into patriotic displays at sports games. Others include the close relationship between the military and the video game industry, or its tight collaboration with the movie industry. Indications are strong President Donald Trump’s administration is seeking ways to back out of the US- Iran nuclear deal, per CNBC, which would set the stage for tensions to escalate rapidly—though with stakes a good bit realer than CGI tsunamis and bullet time.